Permission Forms

Don't forget to bring in your technology waiver forms and your permission forms for BORC! Please bring those in as soon as possible!

New France & BNA

New France

1608 - Founding of Quebec (the beginnings of New France). You need to know:

• fille du roi
• jesuits (missionaries)
• les habitants
• fur trade
• voyageurs
• coureur des bois
• deportation of the Acadians

1756-1763 - Seven Years War

• Battle of the Plains of Abraham
• Treaty of Paris

BNA

1774:

• Quebec Act
• American Revolution (1776)
• Loyalist Migration (1780s)
• Constitutional Act (1791)

The Constitutional Act

When the Loyalists arrived in "Quebec" they shocked by many of the differences that existed between New France and the Thirteen Colonies (the United States). The French operated under the seigneurial system where it was leased from the government (the Loyalists were used to owning the land); Roman Catholics were legally required to pay a tenth of their income to the church (the Loyalists did not); and there were no elections in Quebec (the Loyalists were used to electing representatives).

Because they were so upset at these differences, the British agreed to change the system of government and law in Quebec and created the Constitutional Act in 1791 which split Canada into two parts: Upper (the English speaking part) and Lower Canada (the French). In addition it:

• created a lieutenant-governor for each Canada
• landholders were in Lower Canada could hold land under the seigneurial or the freehold system. In Upper Canada they could own the land
• people who owned property could elect their representatives

For the first time, Canada became English speaking and it changed the country forever.

 

New France and BNA

In about a week's time, we will be having our first unit test on New France and BNA. I've taken the opportunity to list some of the terms and big ideas that we've explored in class. Make sure you check Drop Box for any of the readings that you may have missed. I've been uploading all our information there as well. The following terms are limited to the knowledge component of the test. The big ideas will ask you to make connections between the past and the present, immigration and how Canada has developed a dual identity.

Missionaries (Jesuits): Their role was to convert Aboriginals to Catholicism

Soldiers: They defended the colony from Aboriginal tribes and other European groups

Labourers and Fur Traders: They literally built New France and/or traded with Aboriginals for fur in exchange for European goods

Fille du Roi: They were poor and often orphaned women who were granted passage and a dowry by the king to marry and settle in New France

Seigneurs & Seigneuries

Seigneurs were granted "seigneuries" (plots of land) in New France. They used "habitants" to work the land much like the feudal system. Seigneuries were...

• beside a river
• long and narrow
• given common plots of land for social events

Les Habitants

Habitant families worked on the land owned by seigneurs. They had lots of responsibilities including:

• growing crops and raising animals to support themselves
• giving a portion of what they made to the seigneurs for rent
• Pay taxes to the church and the government

Voyageurs and Coureur des bois: Voyageurs were fur traders who traded European goods (weapons and metallic objects) with Aboriginal tribes in exchange for beaver pelts. Coureur des bois (runners of the woods) did the same but operated illegally.

Deportation of the Acadians: Acadians were French settlers living in modern day Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Maine who we're deported from their lands for not swearing an oath of allegiance to the King of England.

Seven Years War: Lasting from 1756 to 1763, this was fought between the English and the French for control over North America. The English eventually won, having fought the last big battle on the Plains of Abraham. New France was no more.

Quebec Act (1774): After conquering the French, the English granted them certain rights such as:

• representation in government
• guaranteed protection of French language and religion
• expanded the borders of Quebec

The French stayed loyal to the English because of this.

American Revolution (1776): Because of the 7 Years War, the British raised taxes on the American Colonies and this led to anger and resentment against the British. With the Quebec Act as well (signed in 1774) this also prevented the 13 Colonies from expanding further west. They fought the British and won.

Loyalists: There were Americans who were still loyal to the British and after the end of the war, the left the 13 colonies and went and settled in parts of Quebec and later, Upper Canada (Ontario) bringing with them the English language and customs forever changing Canada.

Tomorrow is Picture Day

This is just a friendly reminder that tomorrow is picture day! 

Curriculum Night

A friendly reminder that tomorrow is our curriculum night at Mackenzie Glen!